The Border
The division and establishment of the Southern border has a contentious and problematic history. This troubling and unfortunate history has greatly affected the United States and Latin America's (mostly Mexico and the United States) relationship. The difficulties and quarrels between these neighboring nations have varying root causes. However, the principal source for the formation of the border and these issues leads back to the Mexican American War and the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Because of this war, the United States took control of Mexico's territory in the West (these territories include California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado, and Texas) and ultimately shattered Mexico's economy.
"The United States drew a line across Latin America beginning at the Rio Grande and called everything to its north the United States." (Briggs, 129)
In 1848 when the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed the Rio Grande was recognized as a borderline. The border wall system has changed throughout history. The first "wall" built on the border was formed in 1911. Border Patrol was established in 1924 and Immigration and Customs Enforcement was formed in 2003.
With each administration, new and varying perspectives and reforms are passed impacting both nations and the individuals live within its shadow.
The establishment of the 2,000 mile-long border has negatively impacted neighboring cities and these countries' relations. Consequently, throughout history, there have been disputes as to what can be done about the Southern border and whether there should be an increase in immigration reform in order to keep Latinos from entering the United States. This dividing line is seen as a norm to many Americans and its construction is viewed as a necessary means to an end.
